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Lehman SP160 (Super 160) & SP185 (Super 185)
(Ford 2726T ESD-660T)

Lehman produced and marketed the Lehman SP160 (Super 160) & SP185 (Super 185) marine engines from 1982 to 1991± by marinizing new 363 cubic inch displacement Ford 2726T (ESD-660T) turbocharged base engines. These were robust “old school” turbocharged engines that featured overhead valves operated by rockers, push rods and flat tappets by a camshaft located low in the right-hand side of the cylinder block and parallel to the horizontal crankshaft. The six inline dry liner cylinders were oriented vertically and the mechanical fuel injection sprayed diesel directly into the combustion chamber machined into the crown of each aluminium alloy solid skirt piston. It was fitted with a water cooled turbocharger and a water cooled intercooler.

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The Lehman Manufacturing Company was formed in 1931. By 1957, they were producing marinizing components for a wide variety for gasoline engines including General Motors, Ford, Chrysler, and Willys (see Lehman Catalog #28 ©1957). In the early 1960's, Lehman began manufacturing marinizing components for many of the diesel engine models produced by Ford of Britain after 1952. Lehman marketed these marinizing components in kits so other parties could marinize various new and used Ford diesel engines, many of which were taken out of tractors, lorries, harvesters, rock crushers, generators, and the like. Early in 1965, Lehman started buying brand new Ford 2701E and 2704E diesel engines from Ford's Industrial Power Products Division and marinizing them into the Lehman 70 and Lehman 110 respectively. When Ford succeeded these models with the slightly larger "parent bore" diesel engines beginning in November of 1969, Lehman began marinizing them into the Lehman 80 and Lehman 120 which Lehman very successful marketed to boatbuilders worldwide. Lehman marinized several later Ford based models including the popular Lehman 90 Super and Lehman 135 Super before going out of business in 1993^? as engine emissions became more restricted.

See EAB's Lehman Mfg. Co. article for more details, contact information,
PLUS information about their other products.

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Industrial Engine Operation ⇒ Ford Power Products

Ford Motor Company has long been an industry leader in supplying powertrain systems to the industrial and power generation markets. Originally established in 1947 as the "Industrial Engine Operation of Ford Motor Company", and going by several names over the years, Ford Power Products is now managed by Ford Component Sales: a wholly owned subsidiary of the Ford Motor Company. Back when they were called "Ford Industrial Power Products", they marketed diesel engines sourced from their tractor and truck divisions located mainly in Europe to the off−road OEMs including marinizers like Lehman, AmMarine, Bomac, Lees, Mermaid, Parsons, Sabre and Thorneycroft.

See our main Ford Industrial Power Products article for more details,
contact information, PLUS information about their other products.

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This Document is available to Academy members to download and print.
CLICK HERE and when the document webpage opens in a new window,
scroll down to ACADEMY eLIBRARY Section for links and Instructions.

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Primary Commercial Marinizers of British Ford Diesel Engines
(Including marinizing component and "Kit" suppliers)

Some marinizers marinized only "brand new" engines from Ford Power Products while others marinized only "used take-out" engines, while still others marinized both new and used engines. Most marinizing component suppliers made their components available to other commercial marinizers, repair shops and individual private parties who used them to marinize new and/or used engines or maintain/repair existing marinized engines.

Many Ford of Britain diesels began their service life as low RPM, agricultural workhorses driving tractors, harvesters and other farm equipment. Many more began their service life as high RPM automotive engines driving lorries and other vehicles. Others were marketed by Ford Industrial Power Products for industrial applications such as off-road and military vehicles, farm and forest equipment, pumps and power generation. Duty ratings ranged from continuous to intermittent and from 1250 to 2700 RPMs. Those that realized that these engines would be ideal for marine propulsion began cobbling together cooling systems and exhaust systems so they could be used in boats. Enterprises like Lehman, Bowman, Thorneycroft, and Mermaid quickly geared up to produce quality components, available Individually and in kits so that marinizers could adapt both brand new and used "take-out" engines. Many component producers became marinizers themselves. Lehman was one of several that started buying brand new Ford industrial base engines from Ford Industrial Power Products, marinizing them "in-house" and marketing them as complete, ready to install units. Most of the Ford diesel engine marinizing component producers and engine marinizers are listed below. If you know of any more that should be listed, please email us at: editor♥EverythingAboutBoats.com (Replace "♥" with "@")

The very popular 6.22L Lehman 120 (6D380) using the Ford 2715E Base Engine.

Unfortunately, many of the commercial marinizers and component suppliers (like Lehman) are no longer in business (those listed below in bold font are still in business and most still support the Ford engines). Fortunately, enterprises like American Diesel Corporation (listed below) still offer valuable information and quality replacement parts for these engines.

• Albacore Marine Engines (AU)
• American Diesel Corporation (Bob Smith*) (US).
• American Marine Ltd. (Mfr. of Grand Banks - Branded as AmMarine) (SG).
• Barr Marine (US).
• Beta Marine Ltd. (UK).
• Bomac Marine Power Corp. (US).
• Bowman Ltd. (UK)
• C-Power (Marine) Ltd. (UK).
• C/T Marine Ltd. (UK).
• Chingford Boat Centre (UK).-
• Couach (FR)
• Diesel Conversion Products (UK).-
• Diesel Power (UK).-
• DNT ().
• Econ-O-Power (Lehman's early branding).
• E. H. Hewitt and Co Ltd. (UK).-
• Fenwick Groupe (FR).
• Hawker Siddeley (Lister Petter) (UK).
• Highpower Marine Ltd. (UK).-
• J.G.M. Marine (UK).-
• Lancing Marine (UK).
• Lees Marine Group (NZ)
• Lehman Mfg Co. (US).
• Mermaid Marine Engines Ltd. (UK).
• M.I.T. Marine (UK).-
• Nils Gustavson (SE)
• Northeast Ford Engines Inc. (US).
• Parsons Mathway Marine (acquired by Coupland Bell Ltd. in 2013) (UK).
• Powermarine Engines Ltd. (UK).
• Renault Marine + Couach (FR).
• Sabb (UK).
• Sabre. (eg Ford-Sabre & Sabre-Lehman) (UK).
• Seapower ().
• Stratos (IT^? & CZ^?).
• T. Norris (Industries) Ltd. (UK).-
• Tempest ().
• Thornycroft Marine Engines (UK).
• Vetus (NL).
• Volvo Penta (SE & US).
• Watermota Ltd. (UK).
• Westerbeke Corp. (US).
• Wortham Blake and Co Ltd. (UK).

*In 1981, Bob Smith, who was the former managing director of Lehman Power, founded American Diesel Corporation in Kilmarnock, VA to provide aftermarket marinizing replacement parts and support for Lehman marinized Ford Industrial Power (UK) diesel engines. They also produced their own marinized replacement engine packages from the last of the Ford-Otosan 6.22L engines (similar to the Ford-Lehman Super 135). They were rated at 120, 125, 130, 136 and 140 horsepower. American Diesel Corp can supply most of the parts required to accomplish the "Fixes" that need to be accomplished to prevent engine damage. The americandieselcorp.com website has recently been updated with new features including Parts Lists, a Parts Order Form, and a Contact Form. Bob was well known for his Lehman Workshops. We are saddened to have to report that Bob has passed away. See Passagemaker's heartfelt and informative obituary. Bob's very capable and diesel-experienced son, Brian, will carry on the good work that would make his father proud.

The Late Bob Smith (right) presenting his Lehman Workshop at Trawlerfest in Anacortes, WA. in 2013.

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Ford & Lehman "Fixes" that need to be accomplished before the engine suffers damage:

1. Fix engine misfire before injection pump governor and internal engine damage results.
2. Fix fuel injection pump lubricant before injection pump & governor damage results.
3. Fix engine oil filter hoses and attachment before internal engine damage results.
4. Fix engine oil cooler before cooler fails and engine damage results.
5. Fix engine drive gears before gears fail and serious internal engine damage results.
6. Fix "Two Shaft" raw water pump before shaft fails and engine overheat damage results.
7. Fix Exhaust Elbow before engine overheating or hydrolocking results.
8. Flush water jacket around rear-most cylinder and fit rear coolant fitting.
9. Test and maintain engine coolant to prevent corrosion at wet liner cylinder seals.
10. Fix coolant cap and flange, and fit coolant return tank to prevent scored piston.
11. Fix coolant hoses before they fail and engine overheat damage results.
12. Fix cause of premature engine drive belt failure before belt fails.
13. Properly store spare drive belts in order to get home without a second failure.
14. Fix substandard engine wiring before faults cause serious failures.
15. Fix transmission fluid cooler before cooler fails and transmission damage results.
16. Fix Velvet-Drive CR2 pinion nut before nut loosens and destroys transmission.

Notes: Many parts for these "Fixes" are available from American Diesel Corp's Website.

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Repair Shops and Parts Suppliers

• American Diesel Corp: Ford Marinizer, Parts,+. (Kilmarnock, VA, USA)
• Bepco: Tractor Parts. (South Africa)
• Bomac: Ford Marinizer, Parts,+. (100 miles north of Atlanta, Georgia in Blairsville, Ga, USA)
• Emmark UK Ltd: Ford Tractor Engines Parts. (Pudsey, UK)
• Harbor Marine: Ford Repair, Parts,+. Velvet Drive Repair, Parts,+. (Everett, WA, USA)
• Lancing Marine: Ford Repair, Parts,+. (Portslade, Sussex, UK)
• Logan Diesel: Ford Repair, Parts,+. (14 miles north of Jackson, Michigan in Leslie, MI, USA)
• Mermaid Marine: Ford+ Engine Repair, Parts. (Coventry, UK)
• Timik Marine Engines: Ford+, Engine Repair, Overhaul, Repower,+. (Southampton, UK)

If you know of a vendor that should be added to this list, email the info/links To:
Editor♥EverythingAboutBoats.org (Replace "♥" with "@")

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The Ford 2726T Industrial base engine that Lehman marinized to produce the
Lehman SP160 & SP185 models is a member of the following Ford engine group.

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Ford "Dover" (2720 & ESD Range) Diesel Engines
(1982∼1991)
And Ford-Otosan "Dovertech" (2720 & ESD Range) Engines
(1986^?∼2010)

In 1982, Ford introduced the Dover Series 2720 (ESD) Range engines which were produced by Ford at Dagenham from 1982 to 1994. This range included the 2722, 2723, 2724, and 2725 which featured "Parent Bore" cylinders, and the 2726T and 2728T (both Turbocharged) which featured "Dry" liner cylinders. The model numbers of the naturally aspirated engines are typically found to be followed by an "E" on the engines ID Plate (i.e. 2722E), but not in Ford's documentation. The 2722 was marinized by Lehman as the Super 90, and the 2725 as the Super 135. The 2720 series can be identified by the cast aluminum timing gear covers, the straight-cut timing gears and the highly visible chrome valve covers (see picture below). Note that some earlier engines were also fitted with aftermarket chrome valve covers, so don't depend on this feature alone to identify Dover engines. The new straight-cut timing gears introduced in the Dover engines were noisier, but more robust and reduced the rate of timing gear tooth wear to a more acceptable level.

Ford-Lehman Super 135 (Dover 2725). Note chrome valve cover, direct driven fuel injection pump
and aluminum timing gear cover.

The most significant change in the Dover engines over the Dorset engines was larger intake and exhaust ports in the cylinder heads as shown below allowing higher horsepower ratings. The larger ported intake and exhaust manifolds used by the Lehman Super 135 can be seen above.

ΞPIXΞ ΞPIXΞ
Compare larger port size of Dover head (Left) to the older Dorset head (Right).

In 1983, the Ford Cargo lorry (pictured below) replaced the D-Series lorry. The Cargo lorries were fitted with automotive versions of the new Dover 2720 series engines which were fitted into the lorries on a slant and were labeled "inclined". The majority of marinized Ford diesel engines that you will see nowadays are based on either the D-Series lorries' Dorset engines or the later Cargo lorries' Dover engines. See How to Identify Ford Diesel Engines.

In 1986, Ford-Otosan in Turkey began producing "Industrial Engines" for Ford. Shortly thereafter, all Ford Dover truck and industrial engine production moved to Otosan in Turkey. Later Ford-Otosan built Dover engines were identified by a raised "OTOSAN" cast in the engine block and Ford-Otosan serial numbers that started with the engine model number.

1986 Ford (Iveco) Cargo Lorry.

From 1986, Iveco S.p.A. held a 52% stake in Iveco Ford Truck Ltd, a joint venture (and effectively a merger) with Ford of Europe’s truck division. Ford plants took over production and sales of the major vehicles in the Iveco range and continued production of the Ford Cargo with at least some of the engines sourced from Ford-Otosan.

After 2000, Ford-Otosan continued production of the 2725E (sometimes referred to as the 2725OTO) until 2008, and the 2726T, 2728T and 2728TIM until 2010. These engines became known as "DoverTech" engines. They were identified by a raised "OTOSAN" cast in the engine block and Ford-Otosan serial numbers that started with the engine model number. Many of these engines were available from Ford stockpiles years past the end of their final production runs. In most markets, emissions regulations began restricting installation of these engines to replacement of already existing engines only. This kept them from being installed in new applications and of course ultimately led to their demise. Today, most all of the stocks of new engines and major castings such as blocks and heads have been exhausted, but most typical parts for rebuilding these models such as pistons, rings, liners, bearings, and gaskets are still readily available. Unfortunately, the prices are climbing rapidly.

More from Diesel Engine trader Forum Post by Arthur Ford.

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Specifications for Ford
Agricultural, Automotive, & Industrial Diesel Engines
And Popular Marinized Versions of These Engines

TABLE KEY:
Types of Engine Vendors: Engine design owners may produce the engines in-house as manufacturers.
^ Licensees are licensed by engine design owners to produce base engines and/or marine engines.
^ Marinizers buy base engines from the producers at wholesale, marinize them for marine service,
^ ^ and then sell them to boat builders, resellers, etc. at wholesale or to end users at retail.
^ Resellers buy marine engines at wholesale and resell them at a markup or at retail.
BASE ENGINE: Manufacturer/Vendor & Model of Base Engine followed by Specifications.
^ CYL: Cylinder Orientation & Configuration - (Dash w/no spaces) Number of Cylinders: (example: "V-8")
^ ^ Cylinder Orientation: No Code = u… = Upright (Vertical). s… = Slanted (Inclined). h… = Horizontal (Flat). 
^ ^ Cylinder Configuration: I = In-Line.
^ BORE & STROKE: …mm = Millimeters. …in = …" = Inches.
^ DISPLACEMENT = Swept Volume: …cc = Cubic Centimeters (cm³). …L = Liters. …ci = Cubic Inches (in³).
MODEL RATINGS: Base Engine Model, Vendor Rating Code, Duty Ratings, Power Ratings, etc.
^ A-F: Aspiration-Fueling: Intake Air uncharged or charged (with or w/o cooling) - Diesel Fueling Type.
^ ^ Aspiration: N = Naturally Aspirated. T = Turbocharged. …i = Intercooled. …a = Aftercooled.
^ ^ Diesel Fueling: M = Mechanical Injection. …d = Distributor Injection Pump. …I = In-line Injection Pump.
^ ^ ^ …ii = II = Integral Injector. C = Common Rail. E = …e = Electronic Injection.
^ ^ ^ …d = Direct Injection (into combustion chamber). …i = Indirect Injection (pre-combustion chamber).
^ DR = Duty Ratings: See the Engine Duty Ratings Description at the end of the Table.
^ ^ ♦♦ = Highest Power Rating from Data Sources.
^ POWER: kW = Kilowatts. HP = Horsepower. BHP = Brake Horsepower. SHP = SAE Horsepower.
^ ^ sHP = Shaft Horsepower. MHP = Metric Horsepower. PS = Pferdestärke (Metric Horsepower).
^ RPM = Power Ratings @ Revolutions Per Minute.
^ YEARS: Beginning∼Ending. Trailing "–" or "∼" without an Ending Date = Still in Production/Available.
^ ^ YYYY usually = Model Year. MM/YY = actual Month/Year.
^ ^ Vendors typically market products after production ceases, often until stockpiles are exhausted.
^ DS = Data Source: Click DS Link to view DS. ♦♦♦ = Summary of Data Compiled from Multiple Sources.
^ ^ DS's 1st Letter = Vendor's 1st Letter (example: F = Ford). Wik = Wikipedia. BD = BoatDiesel.com.
^ ^ DS's 2nd Letter:  ...d = Directory. ...w = Webpage. ...c = Catalog. ...b = Brochure. ...s = SpecSheet.
^ ^ ^ ...o = Owner's/Operator's Manual. ...m = Service/Repair/Technical/Workshop/Shop Manual.
^ ^ ^ ...p = Parts Catalog. …# = Serial # List ...h = History. ...y = Years Vended (History). ...f = Forum.
^ ^ DS's Last Digits: ...1,2,3,A,B,C,etc = Source #, Version, Revision (example: Fc1 = Ford Catalog #1).
Data: ⊗ = Data Not Available from Data Source. ¿... = ...? = Data Unconfirmed/in Question.

Clicking a Vendor Link in the table will open a new window displaying our webpage for that Vendor containing details about that vendor and their products. Clicking a Model Link in the table will open a new window displaying our webpage for that Model.

HOW TO READ THIS TABLE

Each line displays the data available from the identified Data Source (DS). The data is displayed according to the Table Key above. Clicking on the Data Source Link will open a new window displaying that Data Source. Data Sources include Catalogs, Brochures, Ads, SpecSheets, Owners/OpManuals, Parts Catalogs, Shop Manuals and Articles. The Triple Diamond "♦♦♦" = Summary of data compiled from multiple Data Sources.

Keep in mind that Data can be inaccurate in the source material and sometimes, the source material may be illegible. We try to obtain the best source material available and we make corrections to the tables when needed. If you wish to point out an error or you can help us obtain good source materials, please let us know via email To: Editor♥EverythingAboutBoats.org (Replace "♥" with "@")

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Ford "Dover" Series (1982~1991+) 2720 (ESD) Range & Turkish
Ford-Otosan "Dovertech" Series (1986^?~2010) 2720 (ESD) Range
Features: Horizontal Crankshaft, Directly Driven Injection Pump, Chrome Valve Cover, Aluminum Timing Gear Cover and Straight Cut Timing Gears.

NOTES: Features Integral Cast-In Block "Parent Bore" Cylinders. *Mermaid SpecSheets show Turbocharged models having 15.5:1 compression ratio vs 16:1 for naturally aspirated models.

NOTES: Features Integral Cast-In Block "Parent Bore" Cylinders.

NOTES: Features Integral Cast-In Block "Parent Bore" Cylinders.

NOTES: Features "Dry Liner" Cylinders. Sometimes shown as 360 cubic inch displacement.
M = Marine Rated model.
G = Generator Rated model.
*Danish Version of OpManual.

NOTES: Features "Dry Liner" Cylinders. Sometimes shown as 360 cubic inch displacement.

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FORD
Engine Duty Ratings

Agricultural:
A = Agricultural
AP = Agricultural - Pto (Power Takeoff)
M = Maximum

Automotive:
CM = Continuous Maximum
LV = Light Vehicle (Cars & Vans)

Industrial:
BS = B.S. = British Standards
C = Continuous: Power available continuously - Unlimited hours.
CA = Continuous A: Power available continuously - Unlimited hours. (DIN 6270)
CB = Continuous B: Power available continuously - Unlimited hours. (DIN 6270)
I = Intermittent: Power for <1 out of 8 hours (remainder at <75% power) - Annual hours <1000.
OL = Overload*: Fuel injection rack at maximum fuel duration (Very Intermittent).

Marine:
80% = Rating @ 80% Power: Continuous.
100% = Rating @ 100% Power: Intermittent.
C = Continuous: Power available continuously - Unlimited hours.
I = Intermittent: Power for <1 out of 8 hours (remainder at <75% power) - Annual hours <1000.
M = Maximum Power Output

Power Generation:
C = Continuous: Power available continuously - Unlimited hours.
I = Intermittent: Power for <1 out of 8 hours (remainder at <75% power) - Annual hours <1000.
G = Generator
P = Generator Intermittent Peak Load

*The "OL = Overload" Duty Rating power output is achieved by these diesel engines only when the fuel injection control (the "rack" in most "Jerk" type fuel injection pumps) reaches maximum fuel duration and the engine is under heavy load. This "overload" power output is intended to be reached only occasionally for short duration situations such as when accelerating, as it results in over-fueling (a fuel rich mixture) that will cause rapid carbonization which in turn will severely shorten the service life of the engine. Therefore, it is recommended that the engine, gearing, propeller, etc. be set up so the fuel injection control will back off to a position that will provide the best ratio of fuel to air during sustained operation in order to achieve a long engine service life. Far too often, diesel marine engines are poorly matched to the watercraft by the builder and/or are over-propped with too much pitch, forcing them to suffer the serious consequences of over-fueling. See our article on Selecting the right diesel engine to discover a vital component that most all diesel engines lack, but almost every gasoline engine is equipped with.

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FORD-OTOSAN
Engine Duty Ratings
DRAFT

Agricultural:
+

Automotive:
+

Industrial:
+

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American Diesel Corp
Engine Duty Ratings
DRAFT

Marine:
C = Continuous: Power available continuously - Unlimited hours.
I = Intermittent: Power for <1 out of 8 hours (remainder at <75% power) - Annual hours <1000.

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Lancing Marine
Engine Duty Ratings
DRAFT

Marine:
C = Continuous: Power available continuously - Unlimited hours.
I = Intermittent: Power for <1 out of 8 hours (remainder at <75% power) - Annual hours <1000.

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Lees Marine
Engine Duty Ratings

Marine:
C = Continuous: Power available continuously - Unlimited hours.
I = Intermittent: Power for <1 out of 8 hours (remainder at <75% power) - Annual hours <1000.
BS = B.S. 649: .
BO = B.S. Overload: .
CD = Continuous B. Din 6270: .
D = Din 6270: .
M = Maximum: .
OL = Overload: .

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Lehman
Engine Duty Ratings

Industrial (See Ford Engine Duty Ratings):
C = Continuous: Power available continuously - Unlimited hours.
I = Intermittent: Power for <1 out of 8 hours (remainder at <75% power) - Annual hours <1000.

Marine:
C = Continuous: Power available continuously - Unlimited hours.
I = Intermittent: Power for <1 out of 8 hours (remainder at <75% power) - Annual hours <1000.
W = Workboat: Continuous.
P = Pleasure Craft: Intermittent.
1 = Pleasure Craft: Maximum Overload
2 = Pleasure Craft: Continuous
2 = Workboat: Overload
3 = Workboat: Continuous
GP = Gross Power: Powerboat = 100%, Workboat = 90%.

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Mermaid
Engine Duty Ratings

Marine:
C = Continuous: Power available continuously - Unlimited hours.
I = Intermittent: Power for <1 out of 8 hours (remainder at <75% power) - Annual hours <1000.
CW = Continuous (Workboat):
IP = 1 Hour Intermittent (Pleasure Boat):
PC = Pleasure Continuous:
PM = Pleasure Maximum:
PI = Pleasure Intermittent:
PBc = Pleasure Boat Continuous:
PBi = Pleasure Boat Intermittent:
B-PBc = Pleasure Boat Continuous:
B-PBi = Pleasure Boat Intermittent:
B = B Rating:
C = C Rating:
D = D Rating:
HDC = Heavy Duty Commercial: Displacement craft. High hours, Naturally Aspirated.
W = Workboat & Yacht: Moderately high annual hours, Often just turbocharged.
C = Commercial +.
Cm = Commercial +.
CmC = Commercial Continuous: Fast Fishing, Pilot, Patrol Boats, & Rescue Craft.
c = …c = ...C = Continuous +.
PBc = Pleasure Boat Continuous: Usually achieved by reducing propeller pitch.
PBi = Pleasure Boat 1 Hour Intermittent: Usually 1 hour out of 8 with 7 hours at <75%.
S1 = Sportive duty:
A1 = High Performance Crafts: Full throttle operation restricted within 10% of total use period. Cruising speed at engine rpm <90% of rated speed setting. Maximum usage 300 hours per year.
A2 = Pleasure/Commercial Vessels: Full throttle operation restricted within 10% of total use period. Cruising speed at engine rpm <90% of rated speed setting. Maximum usage 1000 hours per year
B = Light Duty: Full throttle operation restricted within 10% of total use period. Cruising speed at engine rpm <90% of rated speed setting. Maximum usage 1500 hours per year
C = Medium Duty: Full throttle operation <25% of use period. Cruising speed at engine rpm <90% of rated speed setting. Maximum usage 3000 hours per year
D = Heavy Duty: Maximum rating utilization up to 100% of use period, for unlimited hours per year.

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Sabre
Engine Duty Ratings

Industrial (See Ford Engine Duty Ratings):
C = Continuous: Power available continuously - Unlimited hours.
I = Intermittent: Power for <1 out of 8 hours (remainder at <75% power) - Annual hours <1000.
OL = Overload: Very Intermittent - Fuel injection rack at maximum fuel duration.

Marine:
C = Continuous: Power available continuously - Unlimited hours.
I = Intermittent: Power for <1 out of 8 hours (remainder at <75% power) - Annual hours <1000.
C = Commercial: Professional use.
^ Categories:
^ ^ 1 = +
^ ^ 2 = Sprint craft for rapid intervention or emergency, used for less then 500 hours per year.
^ ^ 3 = Application used for less then 2000 hours per year.
^ ^ 4 = Application used for more the 2000 hours per year.
L = Leisure: Pleasure Craft.

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Thornycroft
Engine Duty Ratings
DRAFT

Marine:
C = Continuous: Power available continuously - Unlimited hours.
I = Intermittent: Power for <1 out of 8 hours (remainder at <75% power) - Annual hours <1000.

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Watermota
Engine Duty Ratings
DRAFT

Marine:
C = Continuous: Power available continuously - Unlimited hours.
I = Intermittent: Power for <1 out of 8 hours (remainder at <75% power) - Annual hours <1000.

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Product Documentation

Documentation with Bold Titles are part of our Academy eLibrary!
To view the entire document, click on its Bold Title Link to go to our webpage for
that item and then scroll down to the "Academy eLibrary" section on that page for link.
⇐ (arrow) = Document Creator is the vendor shown at the beginning of the title.
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Product Documentation Contents with QuickLinks

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⇒ Other Documentation:

ALL Documentation we have for the Ford Industrial Power Products diesel models are included here as there are many similarities between the various models and therefore a significant amount of information can be gleaned from the documentation covering these other models.

If you can help us add documentation that we lack, please submit info/links or PDF via email To:
Editor♥EverythingAboutBoats.org (Replace "♥" with "@")

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CLICK HERE to view ALL the books, magazines, videos, etc. in our Academy eLibrary.
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CLICK HERE to donate any books, magazines, manuals, or videos, etc. to our Library.

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Related Resources:
Topic Pages w/Directories, Vendors, Products: Media: Books, Websites, etc.
Categorized by Topic & Hierarchy w/Links (Sitemap).

TABLE KEY: Resource Types are identified by the following Resource Codes (RC).
T = Topic Page.
TD = Topic Page w/Directory
V = Vendor Page.
VO = Vendor's Offerings.
VW = Vendor's Website.
MV = Media Vendor/Creator.
MS = Media Source.
P = Product Page.
PD = Product Documentation.
B = Book.
BB = Book - Biography.
BE = Book Excerpt.
BF = Book - Fiction.
M = Magazine.
MI = Magazine Issue.
MA = Magazine Article.
Vid = Video.
W = Website.
WA = Website Article.
WV = Website Video (incl. YouTube).
F = Forum.
FP = Forum Post.
S = Social Media.
SP = Social Media Post.
NOTES: Resource Codes are arranged above by resource directory hierarchy.
Resource Codes are displayed in the Right Column labeled "RC".  ⇒  ⇒  ⇒  ⇒  ⇒  ⇒  ⇒  ⇒  ⇒ ⇓
Resource Codes which are BOLD indicate Media is available from our Academy eLibrary.⇒ ⇓
^ To view Media, Click on the Media Title to go to our webpage for that media and then:
^ ^ Scroll down to the Academy eLibrary section for media viewing instructions.
Resource Media (Books, Magazines, Videos, etc.) Titles are displayed in a smaller font.
Resource Titles below are arranged by hierarchy using "^" to show subordination.
Resource Links which are BOLD lead to EverythingAboutBoats.com ON-SITE pages.
Resource Links which are NOT BOLD lead OFF-SITE. We is not responsible for their content.
If a link fails or we should add a resource to this listing, please submit info via email to:
^ Editor♥EverythingAboutBoats.org (Replace "♥" with "@")

If any Related Resources should be added to this list, please submit info/links via email To:
Editor♥EverythingAboutBoats.org (Replace "♥" with "@")

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NOT AN ACADEMY MEMBER?
CLICK HERE to discover how you can become a Member and gain FULL access to
thousands of expanded pages and dozens of excellent programs including our eLibrary!

CLICK HERE to view ALL the books, magazines, videos, etc. in our Academy eLibrary.
Media are also listed by category on the Topic Pages found on the Right Sidebar ⇒
CLICK HERE to donate any books, magazines, manuals, or videos, etc. to our Library.

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EVERYTHING ON THIS PAGE OK?
If there is anything on this webpage that needs fixing, please let us know via email To:
Editor♥EverythingAboutBoats.org (Replace "♥" with "@")

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Visit our FEATURED ARTICLES Home Page
to see examples of our website's comprehensive contents!

Thanks to our amazing contributors for the steady flow of articles, and to our dedicated all-volunteer staff who sort, polish and format them, everyday we get a little bit closer to our goal of
Everything About Boats. If you would like to submit an article,
See Submitting Articles.

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— TOP 20 MOST POPULAR ARTICLES —

Detroit Diesel 8.2 Liter “Fuel Pincher” V8 Engine
Cummins V-555 & VT-555 “Triple-Nickel” V8 Diesel Engine
Lehman 120 (6D380) Diesel Engine (Ford 2704C & 2715E)
Ford Industrial Power Products Diesel Engines
How to Identify Ford Diesel Engines
Ford 2715E Diesel Engine
Lehman Mfg. Co.
Perkins Engines
Universal Atomic 4
Sears Boat Motors: Motorgo, Waterwitch, Elgin, etc.
Chrysler & Force Outboards
Eska Outboard Motors
Allison Transmission
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Marine Surveyors by Country
American Marine Ltd (Grand Banks)
Boat Inspection (Types of Marine Surveys)
Boat Builders: (A∼Z) (w/Vessel Types, Locale & Years Active)
USCG NVIC 07-95 Guidance on Inspection, Repair and Maintenance of Wooden Hulls
American Boat and Yacht Counsel (ABYC)

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Layout of the EverythingAboutBoats.org Website's Pages

— Types of Webpages —
This website consists almost entirely of 3 types of webpages as follows:

1. TOPIC PAGES (See Main Topic Pages listed on Website Contents or the Right Sidebar) ⇒
   • EXAMPLE: – WEBSITE CONTENTS w/Links to MAIN TOPIC & Subtopic Pages:
   • EXAMPLE: 02 – BOAT BUILDING, OUTFITTING, REFITTING & REPAIR:
   • EXAMPLE: 02.06 – Boat Equipment:
   • EXAMPLE: 02.06.08 – Propulsion Machinery:
   • EXAMPLE: 02.06.08.01 – Engines w/Directory of Vendors.
2. VENDOR PAGES (Vendors of Products, Services, Events,+, Destinations & Media Creators)
   • EXAMPLE: 02.06.08.01 –  ^  Ford Industrial Power Products Diesel Engines.
3. PRODUCT PAGES (Equipment, Events, Media: pDoc, Books, Magazines, Videos, Websites,+)
   • EXAMPLE: 02.06.08.01 –  ^   ^  Ford 2715E Diesel Engine.
   • EXAMPLE: 02.06.08.01 –  ^   ^  Ford OpManual - 2710 Range Diesel Engines.
   • EXAMPLE: 02.06.08.01 –  ^   ^  Ford Service Manual - 2700 & 2710 Range Diesel Engines.

Clickable Links that lead to other webpages appear in Blue Text and usually open in a new window.
Links in the Right Sidebar and most directories open in the current window, not a new window.
Note in the examples above that these pages form a natural hierarchy.
The unnumbered "^" pages are listed alphabetically in most tables.
Media Titles in tables are distinguished by their smaller font size.
Media (Books, Magazines, Videos, Articles,+) are treated as Products.
Vendors' Product Documentation (pDoc) are considered Media.
Destinations & Media Creators are treated as Vendors.
All Website Pages are optimized for viewing on
full-width disktop computer monitors,
but can be viewed on phones.

— Contents of Webpages —
Website Pages typically contain the following Sections:

1. PATH (Shows the chain of EAB pages w/links that lead to the page being viewed).
   1. EXAMPLE:
      PATH: HOME, WEBSITE INDEX, WEBSITE CONTENTS » ∨
      ∧ BOAT BUILDING & REPAIR » Boat Equipment » Propulsion » Engines » ∨∨
      ∧∧ Ford, Ebro, American Diesel, AmMarine, Barr, Beta, Bomac, Bowman, Couach,
      Lees, Lehman, Mermaid, Parsons, Renault, Sabre, Thornycroft, Wortham Blake »
      ∧ DO-IT-YOURSELF » DIY Boat Building & Repair » DIY Schools & Classes »
      ∧ MEDIA w/Creator Directory » Documentation, Books, Magazines, Videos, Websites »
   2. (The "»" right pointing Guillemet symbol shows the chain through the page links.)
   3. (The "," comma between page links in the chain indicates pages are not subordinate, but are instead at the same level. See engine brands in the example above.)
   4. (The "∨", "∨∨", "∨∨∨",+ symbols indicate that the path line continues with whatever follows the "∧", "∧∧", "∧∧∧",+ symbols respectively. "∧" Precedes each MAIN TOPIC Page.)
2. PAGE CONTENTS (Table of Contents with links to each main section on the page).
   
3. PAGE BODY (The type of page determines the contents of its body as follows:).
   1. TOPIC PAGES (Topic Treatment: Introduction, Overview, Background, Details,+).
      • (Many Topic Pages contain Directories of Vendors with Links).
      • (Most Directory Listings are Alphabetical and/or by Locale).
   2. VENDOR PAGES (Vendor's Profile, Contact Information, Products, Services,+).
      • (Manufacturers, Resellers, Refitters, Yards, Surveyors, Clubs, Schools, Authors,+).
      • (Boating & Travel Destinations are treated as Vendors on their own Vendor Pages).
   3. PRODUCT PAGES (Product Features, Vendor Links, Specifications, Documentation,+).
      • (Media created by a vendor is often treated as a Product on its own Product Page).
      • (Boating & Travel Events are often treated as Products on their own Product Pages).
4. RELATED RESOURCES (Topics, Vendors, Products, Media: Books, Websites,+ with Links).
5. PAGE TAIL Contains the following Anchors Aweigh Academy & EAB Website Features:
   1. The Anchors Aweigh Academy's EverythingAboutBoats.org Header.
   2. A link to our Featured Articles EAB Home Page.
   3. Top 20 Most Popular Articles. (The section that appears right above ⇑ this section).
   4. Layout of the EverythingAboutBoats.org Website's Pages. (This very section ⇐).
   5. Topics of Webpages. (The very next section below ⇓).
   6. What we have accomplished so far.
   7. Members must Sign-In to gain full access to Expanded Pages & Programs.
   8. Sign-Up (if not already a member).
   9. Public Comments (about the website & about this page).
6. RIGHT SIDEBAR (Website Contents menu with links to Main Topic & Subtopic pages).
   (On some smart phones, the Right Sidebar may appear at the bottom of the webpage)

— Topics of Webpages —
Website Pages are categorized under the following 16 MAIN TOPICS:

The MAIN TOPICS follow a natural progression from conception of the vessel thru its
building, marketing, survey, financing, insuring, transport, moorage, use and upkeep.
The MAIN TOPICS (all Caps) below are followed by their Main Subtopics with Links.

00 – HOME: CONTENTS, ABOUT EAB: Contact EAB, Abbreviations & Symbols, FAQ, GLOSSARY, ADs,+.
01 – ABOUT BOATS w/Museum Directory: Early History, Recent History, Modern Vessel Types,+.
02 – BOAT BUILDING, OUTFITTING, REFITTING & REPAIR: Materials, Equipment, Builders,+.
03 – BOAT MARKETING: Boat Shows, Dealers & Brokers, Importing & Exporting, Auctions & Sales,+.
04 – BOAT INSPECTION: Types of Marine Surveys, Marine Surveyors, Schools, DIY Inspections,+.
05 – BOAT TITLES & VESSEL REGISTRY: Boat Title & Registration, Vessel Registry, Title Co's,+.
06 – BOAT FINANCING: Conventional (Banks, Credit Unions,+), Unconventional (Creative),+.
07 – BOAT INSURANCE: Maritime & Recreational: Coverage, Carriers, Agents,+., Claim Processing,+.
08 – BOAT TRANSPORT: By Sea (Piggyback, Delivery Skippers & Crews, & Towing), Over-Land,+.
09 – BOAT HAULING & LAUNCHING: Drydocks, Ways, Lifts, Cranes & Hoists, Launch Ramps,+.
10 – BOAT MOORAGE & STORAGE: Builders, Anchorages, Marinas, Yards, Racks & Stacks,+.
11 – BOATING ORGANIZATIONS: Yacht Clubs & Sailing Clubs, Paddling Clubs, Boat Owners,+.
12 – BOATING & TRAVEL: Events, Destinations, Boat Rentals & Charters, Cruises, Voyages,+.
13 – BOATING & MARITIME EDUCATION: Recreational Seamanship, Ship's Master & Crew,+.
14 – MARINE LAWS & REGULATIONS: International & National Laws‚ Lawyers‚ Investigators‚+.
15 – DO-IT-YOURSELF: DIY Boat Building & Repair, DIY Boat Sales, DIY Boat Surveys, DIY Classes,+.
16 – MEDIA w/Creator Directory + Academy eLibrary: pDocs, Books, Magazines, Videos, Websites,+.

The above MAIN TOPICS and a more detailed listing of Subtopics
can be found on the Website Contents page and on the Right Sidebar.
An Alphabetical Index of the website can be accessed at Website Index.

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What we have accomplished so far.
Anchors Aweigh Academy and its EverythingAboutBoats.org website.

• Published over 50,000 website pages about boats and boating, bringing us closer to reaching our goal of becoming "The ultimate reference resource about boats and ships for everyone from the beginning recreational boater to the seasoned professional mariner!"
• Published over 300 website main topic webpages, many with full articles on the topic. See our Website Contents or the Right Sidebar for the listing of the main topic pages.
• Published over 9,000 marine vendor webpages, all with their contact information, most with a description of their products and services, many with product documentation, specifications and independent reviews. (incl.: Boat designers, boat building tools, material and equipment manufacturers and suppliers, boat builders and dealers, yacht brokers, marine surveyors, boat insurers, boat transporters, skippers and crews, boatyards and marinas, yacht clubs, boat rentals and yacht charters, boating, seamanship and maritime schools, marine law attorneys and expert witnesses, boat refitters and repairers, book authors, magazine publishers, video producers, and website creators)
• Acquired over 120,000 pages of product documentation including Catalogs, Brochures, SpecSheets, Pictures, Serial Number Guides, Installation Manuals, OpManuals, Parts Catalogs, Parts Bulletins, Shop Manuals, Wiring Diagrams, Service Bulletins, and Recalls. And have made all viewable to Academy Members through our EAB website eLibrary.
• Acquired over 1,200 books and magazine back issues in our academy library and so far have made over 700 viewable to Academy Members through our EAB website eLibrary.
• Published over 500 DIY How-To articles about boat design, construction, inspection, operation, maintenance, troubleshooting and repair. We are working hard to do more.

We are currently formatting and polishing the Anchors Aweigh Academy online and hands-on courses. Our Marine Surveying course has proven to be excellent for both the beginner and the seasoned surveyor, and especially helpful to the Do-It-Yourselfer.

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Current Academy Members must SIGN IN to gain FULL access to this
website including expanded pages and valuable Academy programs
like our Academy eLibrary and our Ask-An-Expert Program!
If your membership has expired, CLICK HERE to Renew.

IF YOU ARE NOT YET AN ANCHORS AWEIGH ACADEMY MEMBER,
CLICK HERE to discover how you can become a Member and gain FULL access to
thousands of expanded pages and articles, and dozens of excellent programs
WITH JUST A SMALL DONATION!

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Comments for Public Viewing

Submit any comments for public viewing via email To: Comments♥EverthingAboutBoats.org (Replace "♥" with "@")
Please remember to put this webpage's title in the subject line of your email.
All comments are moderated before they appear on this page. See Comment Rules.

General Comments About the Website

FROM Donald: "This is an awesome website. I found the information that I needed right away from one of the over 20,000 free articles that you provide as a public service. I'm surprised that so much if this site is free. But I still signed up so I could access the thousands of expanded pages, interesting articles, and dozens of valuable programs! The member's library of books, magazines and videos that I can view online is really terrific! I understand that you and your staff are all unpaid volunteers. Please keep up the good work. And I commend you for your plans to add another 10,000 free informative articles over the next year. I'm thrilled to support you in this endeavor with my small membership donation. Thanks again for all your hard work."

FROM Huey: "I agree with my Uncle, I too have found the articles to be very enlightening. They say that it will take about 100,000 articles to cover the full scope that they have envisioned for the website. They have over 20,000 articles so far and that's doing pretty well, but it could take several years to get the rest. I also noticed that many of the Main Topic Pages and some of the article pages are still in the rough draft stage. I guess that they will fill in as they can get volunteers to work on them. But what I can't figure out is why anyone would spend the time writing informative in depth articles just to give away free to this website for publication? What's in it for them?"

FROM Dewey: "Well Huey, to me It looks like most of the articles on this website are written by very informed people, like boating instructors, boat designers, boat builders, riggers, electricians, fitters, marine repair technicians and marine surveyors. Writing such articles helps establish them as knowledgeable professionals. After all, this website was originally created by a school for marine technicians and marine surveyors. The website is growing in content every day. They even had to move to a bigger, more powerful server because the website's traffic has been growing exponentially."

FROM Louie: "I agree with everyone above. This site is quickly becoming the ultimate reference resource about every aspect of boats and ships for everyone from the beginning recreational boater to the seasoned professional mariner. I use the topic pages on the right sidebar to browse around the website. It's like a Junior Woodchucks' Guidebook for Boaters. Their Members' Library of over 300 popular and obscure books and over 200 magazine back issues that can be viewed online is fabulous. The Academy's magazine is especially informative. On top of that, there is the "Ask-An-Expert program for members where you can get an expert's answer to any of your boat questions. And a whole years membership is only $25. What a deal! I really love being part of this "Everything About Boats" community and help provide thousands of helpful articles free to the public. I think that I'll sit down right now and write an article about my experiences boating with my uncle."

FROM Scrooge: "You rave about this website like it was the best thing since sliced bread. Well, I think it stinks. Sure, it has a lot of good information for boaters, and they're adding more every day, but it will probably never be finished. Furthermore, I don't even own a boat. And I wouldn't have a boat even if someone gave me one. Boats are a waste of money and time and energy and money! They're just a hole in the water you pour money into. If you gave me a boat, I'd sell it quicker then you could say Baggywrinkle. Then I'd lock up the cash with all my other money so I could keep my eye on it and count it every day. Bah humbug."

FROM Daisy: "I'm just so glad that Donald got the boat so we and the boys could enjoy boating — together. And of course all of the girls, April, May, and June, love to be on the water too, especially when that is where the boys are. Oh poor Scrooge, boating is more fun then you could possibly imagine."

FROM Scrooge: "After seeing how much fun you all have on the water together, I regret that I didn't have that much fun when I was young. I've had a change of heart, and I'm giving each of you a Lifetime Academy Membership."

FROM Editor: "For those of you that have stayed with us this far, many thanks, and we hope that you found this little narrative informative. Your faithful support inspires us to keep working on this phenomenal website. We know that we have a lot more to do. Ultimately, we hope that we can help you enjoy the wonder filled world of boating as much as we do. We are all waiting to see what you have to say about this webpage article. Submit any comments via email To: Comments♥EverythingAboutBoats.org (Replace "♥" with "@"). Be sure to include this page's title in the subject line. Also, your corrections, updates, additions and suggestions are welcomed. Please submit them via email To: Editor♥EverythingAboutBoats.org (Replace "♥" with "@"). It has been truly amazing to see what we have been able to accomplished when we've worked together. Thanks to all those that have donated their valuable time and energy, and a special THANK YOU to all that have supported this cause with their membership donations."

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